feat: add basic logging interfaces

src/logging/LogLevel.ts

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+/**
+ * Different log levels, from most important to least important.
+ */
+export type LogLevel = 'error' | 'warn' | 'info' | 'verbose' | 'debug' | 'silly';

src/logging/Logger.ts

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+import type { LogLevel } from './LogLevel';
+
+/**
+ * Logs messages on a certain level.
+ *
+ * @see getLoggerFor on how to instantiate loggers.
+ */
+export interface Logger {
+  /**
+   * Log the given message at the given level.
+   * If the internal level is higher than the given level, the message may be voided.
+   * @param level - The level to log at.
+   * @param message - The message to log.
+   * @param meta - Optional metadata to include in the log message.
+   */
+  log: (level: LogLevel, message: string, meta?: any) => Logger;
+}

src/logging/LoggerFactory.ts

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+import type { Logger } from './Logger';
+
+/**
+ * Instantiates new logger instances.
+ */
+export interface LoggerFactory {
+  /**
+   * Create a logger instance for the given label.
+   * @param label - A label that is used to identify the given logger.
+   */
+  createLogger: (label: string) => Logger;
+}