feat: Create a CachedHandler that caches AsyncHandler results

src/index.ts

@@ -434,6 +434,7 @@ export * from './util/errors/UnsupportedMediaTypeHttpError';
 export * from './util/handlers/ArrayUnionHandler';
 export * from './util/handlers/AsyncHandler';
 export * from './util/handlers/BooleanHandler';
+export * from './util/handlers/CachedHandler';
 export * from './util/handlers/ConditionalHandler';
 export * from './util/handlers/HandlerUtil';
 export * from './util/handlers/MethodFilterHandler';

src/util/handlers/CachedHandler.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import { AsyncHandler } from './AsyncHandler';
+
+/**
+ * Caches output data from the source handler based on the input object.
+ * The `field` parameter can be used to instead use a specific entry from the input object as cache key,
+ * so has as actual required typing `keyof TIn`.
+ *
+ * A {@link WeakMap} is used internally so strict object equality determines cache hits,
+ * and data will be removed once the key stops existing.
+ * This also means that the cache key needs to be an object.
+ * Errors will be thrown in case a primitve is used.
+ */
+export class CachedHandler<TIn, TOut = void> extends AsyncHandler<TIn, TOut> {
+  private readonly source: AsyncHandler<TIn, TOut>;
+  private readonly field?: string;
+
+  private readonly cache: WeakMap<any, TOut>;
+
+  public constructor(source: AsyncHandler<TIn, TOut>, field?: string) {
+    super();
+    this.source = source;
+    this.field = field;
+    this.cache = new WeakMap();
+  }
+
+  public async canHandle(input: TIn): Promise<void> {
+    const key = this.getKey(input);
+
+    if (this.cache.has(key)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    return this.source.canHandle(input);
+  }
+
+  public async handle(input: TIn): Promise<TOut> {
+    const key = this.getKey(input);
+
+    let result = this.cache.get(key);
+    if (result) {
+      return result;
+    }
+
+    result = await this.source.handle(input);
+    this.cache.set(key, result);
+
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  protected getKey(input: TIn): any {
+    return this.field ? input[this.field as keyof TIn] : input;
+  }
+}