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49 KiB
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CommunitySolidServer
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Welcome
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Features
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Usage
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Architecture
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Contributing
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API
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.6.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2024 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M165.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6zm-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3zm44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9zM244.8 8C106.1 8 0 113.3 0 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8zM97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1zm-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7zm32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1zm-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9 1.6 2.3 4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3 1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2z"/></svg>
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</div>
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<div class="md-source__repository">
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CommunitySolidServer
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</div>
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</a>
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</div>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_1" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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<a href="../../../.." class="md-nav__link ">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Welcome
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</span>
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</a>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_1_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_1">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Welcome
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_2" >
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2" id="__nav_2_label" tabindex="0">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Features
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</span>
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_2_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Features
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../../features/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Overview
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../../features/test/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Tests
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_3" >
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3" id="__nav_3_label" tabindex="0">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Usage
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</span>
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_3_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Usage
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../../usage/starting-server/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Starting the server
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../../usage/example-requests/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Example request
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../../usage/metadata/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Metadata
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_3_4" >
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3_4" id="__nav_3_4_label" tabindex="0">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Identity provider
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</span>
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="2" aria-labelledby="__nav_3_4_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_4">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Identity provider
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../../usage/identity-provider/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Overview
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../../usage/account/json-api/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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JSON API
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../../usage/account/login-method/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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New login method
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../../usage/account/migration/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Data migration
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../../usage/client-credentials/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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Client credentials
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../../usage/seeding-pods/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Seeding pods
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../../usage/notifications/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Notifications
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../../usage/dev-configuration/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Development server
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../../usage/authorization-methods/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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Authorization methods
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" checked>
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4" id="__nav_4_label" tabindex="">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Architecture
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</span>
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_4_label" aria-expanded="true">
|
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Architecture
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../../overview/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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Overview
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../dependency-injection/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Dependency injection
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../../core/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Core
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_4_4" checked>
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4_4" id="__nav_4_4_label" tabindex="0">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Features
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</span>
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="2" aria-labelledby="__nav_4_4_label" aria-expanded="true">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4_4">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Features
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../cli/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Command line arguments
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../initialization/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Server initialization
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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HTTP requests
|
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</a>
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Solid protocol
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4_4_4">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Solid protocol
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<a href="../overview/" class="md-nav__link">
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Overview
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</a>
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<label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
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Parsing
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Parsing
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<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
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Parsing the request
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<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Parsing the request">
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<a href="#headers" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Headers
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</a>
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<a href="#body" class="md-nav__link">
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Conditions
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Sending the response
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
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<article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
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<h1 id="parsing-and-responding-to-http-requests">Parsing and responding to HTTP requests<a class="headerlink" href="#parsing-and-responding-to-http-requests" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1>
|
|
<pre class="mermaid"><code>flowchart TD
|
|
ParsingHttphandler("<br>ParsingHttphandler")
|
|
ParsingHttphandler --> ParsingHttphandlerArgs
|
|
|
|
subgraph ParsingHttphandlerArgs[" "]
|
|
RequestParser("<strong>RequestParser</strong><br>BasicRequestParser")
|
|
AuthorizingHttpHandler("<strong></strong><br>AuthorizingHttpHandler")
|
|
ErrorHandler("<strong>ErrorHandler</strong><br><i>ErrorHandler</i>")
|
|
ResponseWriter("<strong>ResponseWriter</strong><br>BasicResponseWriter")
|
|
end</code></pre>
|
|
<p>A <code>ParsingHttpHandler</code> handles both the parsing of the input data, and the serializing of the output data.
|
|
It follows these 3 steps:</p>
|
|
<ol>
|
|
<li>Use the <code>RequestParser</code> to convert the incoming data into an <code>Operation</code>.</li>
|
|
<li>Send the <code>Operation</code> to the <code>AuthorizingHttpHandler</code> to receive either a <code>Representation</code> if the operation was a success,
|
|
or an <code>Error</code> in case something went wrong.<ul>
|
|
<li>In case of an error the <code>ErrorHandler</code> will convert the <code>Error</code> into a <code>ResponseDescription</code>.</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>Use the <code>ResponseWriter</code> to output the <code>ResponseDescription</code> as an HTTP response.</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
<h2 id="parsing-the-request">Parsing the request<a class="headerlink" href="#parsing-the-request" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<pre class="mermaid"><code>flowchart TD
|
|
RequestParser("<strong>RequestParser</strong><br>BasicRequestParser") --> RequestParserArgs
|
|
subgraph RequestParserArgs[" "]
|
|
TargetExtractor("<strong>TargetExtractor</strong><br>OriginalUrlExtractor")
|
|
PreferenceParser("<strong>PreferenceParser</strong><br>AcceptPreferenceParser")
|
|
MetadataParser("<strong>MetadataParser</strong><br><i>MetadataParser</i>")
|
|
BodyParser("<br><i>Bodyparser</i>")
|
|
Conditions("<br>BasicConditionsParser")
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
OriginalUrlExtractor --> IdentifierStrategy("<strong>IdentifierStrategy</strong><br><i>IdentifierStrategy</i>")</code></pre>
|
|
<p>The <code>BasicRequestParser</code> is mostly an aggregator of multiple smaller parsers that each handle a very specific part.</p>
|
|
<h3 id="url">URL<a class="headerlink" href="#url" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
|
<p>This is a single class, the <code>OriginalUrlExtractor</code>, but fulfills the very important role
|
|
of making sure input URLs are handled consistently.</p>
|
|
<p>The query parameters will always be completely removed from the URL.</p>
|
|
<p>There is also an algorithm to make sure all URLs have a "canonical" version as for example both <code>&</code> and <code>%26</code>
|
|
can be interpreted in the same way.
|
|
Specifically all special characters will be encoded into their percent encoding.</p>
|
|
<p>The <code>IdentifierStrategy</code> it gets as input is used to determine if the resulting URL is within the scope of the server.
|
|
This can differ depending on if the server uses subdomains or not.</p>
|
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<p>The resulting identifier will be stored in the <code>target</code> field of an <code>Operation</code> object.</p>
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<h3 id="preferences">Preferences<a class="headerlink" href="#preferences" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
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<p>The <code>AcceptPreferenceParser</code> parses the <code>Accept</code> header and all the relevant <code>Accept-*</code> headers.
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These will all be put into the <code>preferences</code> field of an <code>Operation</code> object.
|
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These will later be used to handle the content negotiation.</p>
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<p>For example, when sending an <code>Accept: text/turtle; q=0.9</code> header,
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this wil result in the preferences object <code>{ type: { 'text/turtle': 0.9 } }</code>.</p>
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<h3 id="headers">Headers<a class="headerlink" href="#headers" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
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<p>Several other headers can have relevant metadata,
|
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such as the <code>Content-Type</code> header,
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or the <code>Link: <http://www.w3.org/ns/ldp#Container>; rel="type"</code> header
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which is used to indicate to the server that a request intends to create a container.</p>
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<p>Such headers are converted to RDF triples and stored in the <code>RepresentationMetadata</code> object,
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which will be part of the <code>body</code> field in the <code>Operation</code>.</p>
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<p>The default <code>MetadataParser</code> is a <code>ParallelHandler</code> that contains several smaller parsers,
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each looking at a specific header.</p>
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<h3 id="body">Body<a class="headerlink" href="#body" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
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<p>In case of most requests, the input data stream is used directly in the <code>body</code> field of the <code>Operation</code>,
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with a few minor checks to make sure the HTTP specification is being followed.</p>
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<p>In the case of PATCH requests though,
|
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there are several specific body parsers that will convert the request
|
|
into a JavaScript object containing all the necessary information to execute such a PATCH.
|
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Several validation checks will already take place there as well.</p>
|
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<h3 id="conditions">Conditions<a class="headerlink" href="#conditions" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
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<p>The <code>BasicConditionsParser</code> parses everything related to conditions headers,
|
|
such as <code>if-none-match</code> or <code>if-modified-since</code>,
|
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and stores the relevant information in the <code>conditions</code> field of the <code>Operation</code>.
|
|
These will later be used to make sure the request should be aborted or not.</p>
|
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<h2 id="sending-the-response">Sending the response<a class="headerlink" href="#sending-the-response" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
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<p>In case a request is successful, the <code>AuthorizingHttpHandler</code> will return a <code>ResponseDescription</code>,
|
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and if not it will throw an error.</p>
|
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<p>In case an error gets thrown, this will be caught by the <code>ErrorHandler</code> and converted into a <code>ResponseDescription</code>.
|
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The request preferences will be used to make sure the serialization is one that is preferred.</p>
|
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<p>Either way we will have a <code>ResponseDescription</code>,
|
|
which will be sent to the <code>BasicResponseWriter</code> to convert into output headers, data and a status code.</p>
|
|
<p>To convert the metadata into headers, it uses a <code>MetadataWriter</code>,
|
|
which functions as the reverse of the <code>MetadataParser</code> mentioned above:
|
|
it has multiple writers which each convert certain metadata into a specific header.</p>
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