mirror of
https://github.com/bigchaindb/bigchaindb.git
synced 2024-10-13 13:34:05 +00:00
WIP: docs and tutorial
This commit is contained in:
diminator
parent
9875cab3b3
commit
37c698529f
@ -238,23 +238,6 @@ class Bigchain(object):
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.run(self.conn)
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owned = []
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def owner_in_subfulfillments(condition_details, _owner):
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if 'subfulfillments' in condition_details:
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result = owner_in_subfulfillments(condition_details['subfulfillments'], _owner)
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if result:
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return True
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elif isinstance(condition_details, list):
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for _subfulfillment in condition_details:
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result = owner_in_subfulfillments(_subfulfillment, _owner)
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if result:
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return True
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else:
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if 'public_key' in condition_details \
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and _owner == condition_details['public_key']:
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return True
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return False
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for tx in response:
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# a transaction can contain multiple outputs (conditions) so we need to iterate over all of them
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# to get a list of outputs available to spend
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@ -268,7 +251,7 @@ class Bigchain(object):
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# for transactions with multiple `new_owners` there will be several subfulfillments nested
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# in the condition. We need to iterate the subfulfillments to make sure there is a
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# subfulfillment for `owner`
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if owner_in_subfulfillments(condition['condition']['details'], owner):
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if util.condition_details_has_owner(condition['condition']['details'], owner):
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tx_input = {'txid': tx['id'], 'cid': condition['cid']}
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# check if input was already spent
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if not self.get_spent(tx_input):
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@ -526,6 +526,37 @@ def get_input_condition(bigchain, fulfillment):
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}
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def condition_details_has_owner(condition_details, owner):
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"""
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Check if the public_key of owner is in the condition details
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as an Ed25519Fulfillment.public_key
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Args:
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condition_details (dict): dict with condition details
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owner (str): base58 public key of owner
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Returns:
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bool: True if the public key is found in the condition details, False otherwise
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"""
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if 'subfulfillments' in condition_details:
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result = condition_details_has_owner(condition_details['subfulfillments'], owner)
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if result:
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return True
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elif isinstance(condition_details, list):
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for subcondition in condition_details:
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result = condition_details_has_owner(subcondition, owner)
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if result:
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return True
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else:
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if 'public_key' in condition_details \
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and owner == condition_details['public_key']:
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return True
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return False
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def get_hash_data(transaction):
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""" Get the hashed data that (should) correspond to the `transaction['id']`
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BIN
docs/source/_static/cc_escrow_execute_abort.png
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docs/source/_static/cc_escrow_execute_abort.png
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docs/source/_static/tx_escrow_execute_abort.png
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docs/source/_static/tx_escrow_execute_abort.png
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@ -885,4 +885,204 @@ hashlock_fulfill_tx
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},
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"version":1
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}
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```
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### Timeout Conditions
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Timeout conditions allow assets to expire after a certain time.
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The primary use case of timeout conditions is to enable Escrow (see further).
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The condition can only be fulfilled before the expiry time.
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Once expired, the asset is lost and cannot be fulfilled by anyone.
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__Note__: The timeout conditions are BigchainDB-specific and not (yet) supported by the ILP standard.
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```python
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# Create a timeout asset without any new_owners
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timeout_tx = b.create_transaction(b.me, None, None, 'CREATE')
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# Set expiry time - the asset needs to be transfered before expiration
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time_sleep = 12
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time_expire = str(float(util.timestamp()) + time_sleep) # 12 secs from now
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condition_timeout = cc.TimeoutFulfillment(expire_time=time_expire)
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# The conditions list is empty, so we need to append a new condition
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tx_timeout['transaction']['conditions'].append({
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'condition': {
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'details': json.loads(condition_timeout.serialize_json()),
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'uri': condition_timeout.condition.serialize_uri()
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},
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'cid': 0,
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'new_owners': None
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})
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# Conditions have been updated, so the hash needs updating
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tx_timeout['id'] = util.get_hash_data(tx_timeout)
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# The asset needs to be signed by the current_owner
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tx_timeout_signed = b.sign_transaction(tx_timeout, b.me_private)
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# Some validations
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assert b.validate_transaction(tx_timeout_signed) == tx_timeout_signed
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assert b.is_valid_transaction(tx_timeout_signed) == tx_timeout_signed
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b.write_transaction(tx_timeout_signed)
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tx_timeout_signed
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```
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```python
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{
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"id":"78145396cd368f7168fb01c97aaf1df6f85244d7b544073dfcb42397dae38f90",
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"transaction":{
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"conditions":[
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{
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"cid":0,
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"condition":{
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"details":{
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"bitmask":9,
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"expire_time":"1464167910.643431",
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"type":"fulfillment",
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"type_id":99
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},
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"uri":"cc:63:9:sceU_NZc3cAjAvaR1TVmgj7am5y8hJEBoqLm-tbqGbQ:17"
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},
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"new_owners":null
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}
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],
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"data":null,
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"fulfillments":[
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{
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"current_owners":[
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"FmLm6MxCABc8TsiZKdeYaZKo5yZWMM6Vty7Q1B6EgcP2"
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],
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"fid":0,
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"fulfillment":null,
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"input":null
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}
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],
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"operation":"CREATE",
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"timestamp":"1464167898.643353"
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},
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"version":1
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}
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```
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The following demonstrates that the transaction invalidates once the timeout occurs:
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```python
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# Create a timeout fulfillment tx
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tx_timeout_transfer = b.create_transaction(None, testuser1_pub, {'txid': tx_timeout['id'], 'cid': 0}, 'TRANSFER')
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# Parse the timeout condition and create the corresponding fulfillment
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timeout_fulfillment = cc.Fulfillment.from_json(
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tx_timeout['transaction']['conditions'][0]['condition']['details'])
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tx_timeout_transfer['transaction']['fulfillments'][0]['fulfillment'] = timeout_fulfillment.serialize_uri()
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# No need to sign transaction, like with hashlocks
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# Small test to see the state change
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for i in range(time_sleep - 4):
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tx_timeout_valid = b.is_valid_transaction(tx_timeout_transfer) == tx_timeout_transfer
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seconds_to_timeout = int(float(time_expire) - float(util.timestamp()))
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print('tx_timeout valid: {} ({}s to timeout)'.format(tx_timeout_valid, seconds_to_timeout))
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sleep(1)
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```
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If you were fast enough, you should see the following output:
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```python
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tx_timeout valid: True (3s to timeout)
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tx_timeout valid: True (2s to timeout)
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tx_timeout valid: True (1s to timeout)
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tx_timeout valid: True (0s to timeout)
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tx_timeout valid: False (0s to timeout)
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tx_timeout valid: False (-1s to timeout)
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tx_timeout valid: False (-2s to timeout)
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tx_timeout valid: False (-3s to timeout)
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```
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## Escrow
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Escrow is a mechanism for conditional release of assets.
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This means that a the assets are locked up by a trusted party until an `execute` condition is presented. In order not to tie up the assets forever, the escrow foresees an `abort` condition, which is typically an expiry time.
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BigchainDB and cryptoconditions provides escrow out-of-the-box, without the need of a trusted party.
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A threshold condition is used to represent the escrow, since BigchainDB transactions cannot have a _pending_ state.
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The logic for switching between `execute` and `abort` conditions is conceptually simple:
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```python
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if timeout_condition.validate(utcnow()):
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execute_fulfillment.validate(msg) == True
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abort_fulfillment.validate(msg) == False
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else:
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execute_fulfillment.validate(msg) == False
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abort_fulfillment.validate(msg) == True
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```
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The above switch can be implemented as follows using threshold cryptoconditions:
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The small circle on the threshold conditions denotes an inversion of the fulfillment:
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```python
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inverted_fulfillment.validate(msg) == not fulfillment.validate(msg)
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```
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An inverted input to a threshold condition is simply obtained by using negative weights.
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__Note__: negative weights are BigchainDB-specific and not (yet) supported by the ILP standard.
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The following code snippet shows how to create an escrow condition
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```python
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# Retrieve the last transaction of testuser2_pub
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tx_retrieved_id = b.get_owned_ids(testuser2_pub).pop()
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# Create a base template with the execute and abort address
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tx_escrow = b.create_transaction(testuser2_pub, [testuser2_pub, testuser1_pub], tx_retrieved_id, 'TRANSFER')
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# Set expiry time - the execute address needs to fulfill before expiration
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time_sleep = 12
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time_expire = str(float(util.timestamp()) + time_sleep) # 12 secs from now
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# Create the escrow and timeout condition
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condition_escrow = cc.ThresholdSha256Fulfillment(threshold=1) # OR Gate
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condition_timeout = cc.TimeoutFulfillment(expire_time=time_expire) # only valid if now() <= time_expire
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# Create the execute branch
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condition_execute = cc.ThresholdSha256Fulfillment(threshold=2) # AND gate
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condition_execute.add_subfulfillment(cc.Ed25519Fulfillment(public_key=testuser1_pub)) # execute address
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condition_execute.add_subfulfillment(condition_timeout) # federation checks on expiry
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condition_escrow.add_subfulfillment(condition_execute)
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# Create the abort branch
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condition_abort = cc.ThresholdSha256Fulfillment(threshold=2) # AND gate
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condition_abort.add_subfulfillment(cc.Ed25519Fulfillment(public_key=testuser2_pub)) # abort address
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condition_abort.add_subfulfillment(condition_timeout, weight=-1) # the negative weight inverts the condition
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condition_escrow.add_subfulfillment(condition_abort)
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# Update the condition in the newly created transaction
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tx_escrow['transaction']['conditions'][0]['condition'] = {
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'details': json.loads(condition_escrow.serialize_json()),
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'uri': condition_escrow.condition.serialize_uri()
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}
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# Conditions have been updated, so the hash needs updating
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tx_escrow['id'] = util.get_hash_data(tx_escrow)
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# The asset needs to be signed by the current_owner
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tx_escrow_signed = b.sign_transaction(tx_escrow, testuser2_priv)
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# Some validations
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assert b.validate_transaction(tx_escrow_signed) == tx_escrow_signed
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assert b.is_valid_transaction(tx_escrow_signed) == tx_escrow_signed
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b.write_transaction(tx_escrow_signed)
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tx_escrow_signed
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```
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@ -1884,6 +1884,7 @@ class TestCryptoconditions(object):
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first_input_tx = b.get_owned_ids(user_vk).pop()
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user2_sk, user2_vk = crypto.generate_key_pair()
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# ESCROW
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escrow_tx = b.create_transaction(user_vk, [user_vk, user2_vk], first_input_tx, 'TRANSFER')
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time_sleep = 3
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@ -1926,12 +1927,10 @@ class TestCryptoconditions(object):
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block = b.create_block([escrow_tx_signed])
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b.write_block(block, durability='hard')
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# create hashlock fulfillment tx
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# Retrieve the last transaction of thresholduser1_pub
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tx_retrieved_id = b.get_owned_ids(user2_vk).pop()
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# EXECUTE
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# Create a base template for output transaction
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escrow_tx_transfer = b.create_transaction([user_vk, user2_vk], user2_vk, tx_retrieved_id, 'TRANSFER')
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@ -1973,7 +1972,6 @@ class TestCryptoconditions(object):
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assert b.validate_transaction(escrow_tx_transfer) == escrow_tx_transfer
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# ABORT
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# Create a base template for output transaction
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escrow_tx_abort = b.create_transaction([user_vk, user2_vk], user_vk, tx_retrieved_id, 'TRANSFER')
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@ -2013,6 +2011,7 @@ class TestCryptoconditions(object):
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first_input_tx = b.get_owned_ids(user_vk).pop()
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user2_sk, user2_vk = crypto.generate_key_pair()
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# ESCROW
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escrow_tx = b.create_transaction(user_vk, [user_vk, user2_vk], first_input_tx, 'TRANSFER')
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time_sleep = 3
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@ -2055,12 +2054,10 @@ class TestCryptoconditions(object):
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block = b.create_block([escrow_tx_signed])
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b.write_block(block, durability='hard')
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# create hashlock fulfillment tx
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# Retrieve the last transaction of thresholduser1_pub
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tx_retrieved_id = b.get_owned_ids(user2_vk).pop()
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# EXECUTE
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# Create a base template for output transaction
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escrow_tx_transfer = b.create_transaction([user_vk, user2_vk], user2_vk, tx_retrieved_id, 'TRANSFER')
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@ -2108,7 +2105,6 @@ class TestCryptoconditions(object):
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assert b.validate_transaction(escrow_tx_transfer) == escrow_tx_transfer
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# ABORT
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# Create a base template for output transaction
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escrow_tx_abort = b.create_transaction([user_vk, user2_vk], user_vk, tx_retrieved_id, 'TRANSFER')
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@ -2124,13 +2120,13 @@ class TestCryptoconditions(object):
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escrow_tx_abort['transaction']['fulfillments'][0],
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serialized=True)
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escrow_fulfillment.subconditions = []
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# fulfill execute branch
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# do not fulfill execute branch
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fulfillment_and_execute = cc.ThresholdSha256Fulfillment(threshold=2)
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fulfillment_and_execute.add_subfulfillment(subfulfillment_user2)
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fulfillment_and_execute.add_subfulfillment(fulfillment_timeout)
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escrow_fulfillment.add_subcondition(fulfillment_and_execute.condition)
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# do not fulfill abort branch
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# fulfill abort branch
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fulfillment_and_abort = cc.ThresholdSha256Fulfillment(threshold=2)
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subfulfillment_user.sign(escrow_tx_fulfillment_message, crypto.SigningKey(user_sk))
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fulfillment_and_abort.add_subfulfillment(subfulfillment_user)
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@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ sleep(8)
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# retrieve the transaction
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tx_multisig_retrieved = b.get_transaction(tx_multisig_signed['id'])
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assert tx_multisig_retrieved is not None
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print(json.dumps(tx_multisig_retrieved, sort_keys=True, indent=4, separators=(',', ':')))
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@ -115,7 +116,11 @@ tx_multisig_retrieved_id = b.get_owned_ids(testuser2_pub).pop()
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tx_multisig_transfer = b.create_transaction([testuser1_pub, testuser2_pub], testuser3_pub, tx_multisig_retrieved_id, 'TRANSFER')
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tx_multisig_transfer_signed = b.sign_transaction(tx_multisig_transfer, [testuser1_priv, testuser2_priv])
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b.validate_transaction(tx_multisig_transfer_signed)
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try:
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b.validate_transaction(tx_multisig_transfer_signed)
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except exceptions.InvalidSignature:
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import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
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b.validate_transaction(tx_multisig_transfer_signed)
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b.write_transaction(tx_multisig_transfer_signed)
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# wait a few seconds for the asset to appear on the blockchain
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@ -151,6 +156,8 @@ b.write_transaction(tx_mimo_signed)
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print(json.dumps(tx_mimo_signed, sort_keys=True, indent=4, separators=(',', ':')))
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sleep(8)
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"""
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Threshold Conditions
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"""
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@ -298,3 +305,181 @@ assert b.is_valid_transaction(hashlock_fulfill_tx) == hashlock_fulfill_tx
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b.write_transaction(hashlock_fulfill_tx)
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print(json.dumps(hashlock_fulfill_tx, sort_keys=True, indent=4, separators=(',', ':')))
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"""
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Timeout Conditions
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"""
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# Create transaction template
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tx_timeout = b.create_transaction(b.me, None, None, 'CREATE')
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# Set expiry time (12 secs from now)
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time_sleep = 12
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time_expire = str(float(util.timestamp()) + time_sleep)
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# only valid if the server time <= time_expire
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condition_timeout = cc.TimeoutFulfillment(expire_time=time_expire)
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# The conditions list is empty, so we need to append a new condition
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tx_timeout['transaction']['conditions'].append({
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'condition': {
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'details': json.loads(condition_timeout.serialize_json()),
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'uri': condition_timeout.condition.serialize_uri()
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},
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'cid': 0,
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'new_owners': None
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})
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# conditions have been updated, so hash needs updating
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tx_timeout['id'] = util.get_hash_data(tx_timeout)
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# sign transaction
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tx_timeout_signed = b.sign_transaction(tx_timeout, b.me_private)
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b.write_transaction(tx_timeout_signed)
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print(json.dumps(tx_timeout, sort_keys=True, indent=4, separators=(',', ':')))
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sleep(8)
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# Retrieve the transaction id of tx_timeout
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tx_timeout_id = {'txid': tx_timeout['id'], 'cid': 0}
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# Create a template to transfer the tx_timeout
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tx_timeout_transfer = b.create_transaction(None, testuser1_pub, tx_timeout_id, 'TRANSFER')
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# Parse the threshold cryptocondition
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timeout_fulfillment = cc.Fulfillment.from_json(
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tx_timeout['transaction']['conditions'][0]['condition']['details'])
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tx_timeout_transfer['transaction']['fulfillments'][0]['fulfillment'] = timeout_fulfillment.serialize_uri()
|
||||
|
||||
# no need to sign transaction, like with hashlocks
|
||||
for i in range(time_sleep - 4):
|
||||
tx_timeout_valid = b.is_valid_transaction(tx_timeout_transfer) == tx_timeout_transfer
|
||||
seconds_to_timeout = int(float(time_expire) - float(util.timestamp()))
|
||||
print('tx_timeout valid: {} ({}s to timeout)'.format(tx_timeout_valid, seconds_to_timeout))
|
||||
sleep(1)
|
||||
|
||||
"""
|
||||
Escrow Conditions
|
||||
"""
|
||||
# retrieve the last transaction of testuser2
|
||||
tx_retrieved_id = b.get_owned_ids(testuser2_pub).pop()
|
||||
|
||||
# Create escrow template with the execute and abort address
|
||||
tx_escrow = b.create_transaction(testuser2_pub, [testuser2_pub, testuser1_pub], tx_retrieved_id, 'TRANSFER')
|
||||
|
||||
# Set expiry time (12 secs from now)
|
||||
time_sleep = 12
|
||||
time_expire = str(float(util.timestamp()) + time_sleep)
|
||||
|
||||
# Create escrow and timeout condition
|
||||
condition_escrow = cc.ThresholdSha256Fulfillment(threshold=1) # OR Gate
|
||||
condition_timeout = cc.TimeoutFulfillment(expire_time=time_expire) # only valid if now() <= time_expire
|
||||
|
||||
# Create execute branch
|
||||
condition_execute = cc.ThresholdSha256Fulfillment(threshold=2) # AND gate
|
||||
condition_execute.add_subfulfillment(cc.Ed25519Fulfillment(public_key=testuser1_pub)) # execute address
|
||||
condition_execute.add_subfulfillment(condition_timeout) # federation checks on expiry
|
||||
condition_escrow.add_subfulfillment(condition_execute)
|
||||
|
||||
# Create abort branch
|
||||
condition_abort = cc.ThresholdSha256Fulfillment(threshold=2) # AND gate
|
||||
condition_abort.add_subfulfillment(cc.Ed25519Fulfillment(public_key=testuser2_pub)) # abort address
|
||||
condition_abort.add_subfulfillment(condition_timeout, weight=-1) # the negative weight inverts the condition
|
||||
condition_escrow.add_subfulfillment(condition_abort)
|
||||
|
||||
# Update the condition in the newly created transaction
|
||||
tx_escrow['transaction']['conditions'][0]['condition'] = {
|
||||
'details': json.loads(condition_escrow.serialize_json()),
|
||||
'uri': condition_escrow.condition.serialize_uri()
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
# conditions have been updated, so hash needs updating
|
||||
tx_escrow['id'] = util.get_hash_data(tx_escrow)
|
||||
|
||||
# sign transaction
|
||||
tx_escrow_signed = b.sign_transaction(tx_escrow, testuser2_priv)
|
||||
|
||||
# some checks
|
||||
assert b.validate_transaction(tx_escrow_signed) == tx_escrow_signed
|
||||
assert b.is_valid_transaction(tx_escrow_signed) == tx_escrow_signed
|
||||
|
||||
print(json.dumps(tx_escrow_signed, sort_keys=True, indent=4, separators=(',', ':')))
|
||||
b.write_transaction(tx_escrow_signed)
|
||||
sleep(8)
|
||||
|
||||
# Retrieve the last transaction of thresholduser1_pub
|
||||
tx_escrow_id = {'txid': tx_escrow_signed['id'], 'cid': 0}
|
||||
|
||||
# Create a base template for output transaction
|
||||
tx_escrow_execute = b.create_transaction([testuser2_pub, testuser1_pub], testuser1_pub, tx_escrow_id, 'TRANSFER')
|
||||
|
||||
# Parse the threshold cryptocondition
|
||||
escrow_fulfillment = cc.Fulfillment.from_json(
|
||||
tx_escrow['transaction']['conditions'][0]['condition']['details'])
|
||||
|
||||
subfulfillment_testuser1 = escrow_fulfillment.get_subcondition_from_vk(testuser1_pub)[0]
|
||||
subfulfillment_testuser2 = escrow_fulfillment.get_subcondition_from_vk(testuser2_pub)[0]
|
||||
subfulfillment_timeout = escrow_fulfillment.subconditions[0]['body'].subconditions[1]['body']
|
||||
|
||||
# Get the fulfillment message to sign
|
||||
tx_escrow_execute_fulfillment_message = \
|
||||
util.get_fulfillment_message(tx_escrow_execute,
|
||||
tx_escrow_execute['transaction']['fulfillments'][0],
|
||||
serialized=True)
|
||||
|
||||
escrow_fulfillment.subconditions = []
|
||||
|
||||
# fulfill execute branch
|
||||
fulfillment_execute = cc.ThresholdSha256Fulfillment(threshold=2)
|
||||
subfulfillment_testuser1.sign(tx_escrow_execute_fulfillment_message, crypto.SigningKey(testuser1_priv))
|
||||
fulfillment_execute.add_subfulfillment(subfulfillment_testuser1)
|
||||
fulfillment_execute.add_subfulfillment(subfulfillment_timeout)
|
||||
escrow_fulfillment.add_subfulfillment(fulfillment_execute)
|
||||
|
||||
# do not fulfill abort branch
|
||||
condition_abort = cc.ThresholdSha256Fulfillment(threshold=2)
|
||||
condition_abort.add_subfulfillment(subfulfillment_testuser2)
|
||||
condition_abort.add_subfulfillment(subfulfillment_timeout, weight=-1)
|
||||
escrow_fulfillment.add_subcondition(condition_abort.condition)
|
||||
|
||||
# create fulfillment and append to transaction
|
||||
tx_escrow_execute['transaction']['fulfillments'][0]['fulfillment'] = escrow_fulfillment.serialize_uri()
|
||||
|
||||
# Time has expired, hence the abort branch can redeem
|
||||
tx_escrow_abort = b.create_transaction([testuser2_pub, testuser1_pub], testuser2_pub, tx_escrow_id, 'TRANSFER')
|
||||
|
||||
# Parse the threshold cryptocondition
|
||||
escrow_fulfillment = cc.Fulfillment.from_json(
|
||||
tx_escrow['transaction']['conditions'][0]['condition']['details'])
|
||||
|
||||
subfulfillment_testuser1 = escrow_fulfillment.get_subcondition_from_vk(testuser1_pub)[0]
|
||||
subfulfillment_testuser2 = escrow_fulfillment.get_subcondition_from_vk(testuser2_pub)[0]
|
||||
subfulfillment_timeout = escrow_fulfillment.subconditions[0]['body'].subconditions[1]['body']
|
||||
|
||||
tx_escrow_abort_fulfillment_message = \
|
||||
util.get_fulfillment_message(tx_escrow_abort,
|
||||
tx_escrow_abort['transaction']['fulfillments'][0],
|
||||
serialized=True)
|
||||
escrow_fulfillment.subconditions = []
|
||||
|
||||
# Do not fulfill execute branch
|
||||
condition_execute = cc.ThresholdSha256Fulfillment(threshold=2)
|
||||
condition_execute.add_subfulfillment(subfulfillment_testuser1)
|
||||
condition_execute.add_subfulfillment(subfulfillment_timeout)
|
||||
escrow_fulfillment.add_subcondition(condition_execute.condition)
|
||||
|
||||
# Fulfill abort branch
|
||||
fulfillment_abort = cc.ThresholdSha256Fulfillment(threshold=2)
|
||||
subfulfillment_testuser2.sign(tx_escrow_abort_fulfillment_message, crypto.SigningKey(testuser2_priv))
|
||||
fulfillment_abort.add_subfulfillment(subfulfillment_testuser2)
|
||||
fulfillment_abort.add_subfulfillment(subfulfillment_timeout, weight=-1)
|
||||
escrow_fulfillment.add_subfulfillment(fulfillment_abort)
|
||||
|
||||
tx_escrow_abort['transaction']['fulfillments'][0]['fulfillment'] = escrow_fulfillment.serialize_uri()
|
||||
|
||||
for i in range(time_sleep - 4):
|
||||
valid_execute = b.is_valid_transaction(tx_escrow_execute) == tx_escrow_execute
|
||||
valid_abort = b.is_valid_transaction(tx_escrow_abort) == tx_escrow_abort
|
||||
print('execute: {} - abort {}'.format(valid_execute, valid_abort))
|
||||
sleep(1)
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
x
Reference in New Issue
Block a user