bigchaindb/bigchaindb/consensus.py
2016-05-10 17:20:11 +02:00

226 lines
8.1 KiB
Python

import copy
from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
import bigchaindb.exceptions as exceptions
from bigchaindb import util
from bigchaindb import crypto
class AbstractConsensusRules(metaclass=ABCMeta):
"""Abstract base class for Bigchain plugins which implement consensus logic.
A consensus plugin must expose a class inheriting from this one via an
entry_point.
All methods listed below must be implemented.
"""
@staticmethod
@abstractmethod
def validate_transaction(bigchain, transaction):
"""Validate a transaction.
Args:
bigchain (Bigchain): an instantiated ``bigchaindb.Bigchain`` object.
transaction (dict): transaction to validate.
Returns:
The transaction if the transaction is valid else it raises an
exception describing the reason why the transaction is invalid.
Raises:
Descriptive exceptions indicating the reason the transaction failed.
See the `exceptions` module for bigchain-native error classes.
"""
@staticmethod
@abstractmethod
def validate_block(bigchain, block):
"""Validate a block.
Args:
bigchain (Bigchain): an instantiated ``bigchaindb.Bigchain`` object.
block (dict): block to validate.
Returns:
The block if the block is valid else it raises an exception
describing the reason why the block is invalid.
Raises:
Descriptive exceptions indicating the reason the block failed.
See the `exceptions` module for bigchain-native error classes.
"""
@staticmethod
@abstractmethod
def create_transaction(*args, **kwargs):
"""Create a new transaction.
Args:
The signature of this method is left to plugin authors to decide.
Returns:
dict: newly constructed transaction.
"""
@staticmethod
@abstractmethod
def sign_transaction(transaction, *args, **kwargs):
"""Sign a transaction.
Args:
transaction (dict): transaction to sign.
any other arguments are left to plugin authors to decide.
Returns:
dict: transaction with any signatures applied.
"""
@staticmethod
@abstractmethod
def validate_fulfillments(signed_transaction):
"""Validate the fulfillments of a transaction.
Args:
signed_transaction (dict): signed transaction to verify
Returns:
bool: True if the transaction's required fulfillments are present
and correct, False otherwise.
"""
class BaseConsensusRules(AbstractConsensusRules):
"""Base consensus rules for Bigchain.
This class can be copied or overridden to write your own consensus rules!
"""
@staticmethod
def validate_transaction(bigchain, transaction):
"""Validate a transaction.
Args:
bigchain (Bigchain): an instantiated bigchaindb.Bigchain object.
transaction (dict): transaction to validate.
Returns:
The transaction if the transaction is valid else it raises an
exception describing the reason why the transaction is invalid.
Raises:
OperationError: if the transaction operation is not supported
TransactionDoesNotExist: if the input of the transaction is not found
TransactionOwnerError: if the new transaction is using an input it doesn't own
DoubleSpend: if the transaction is a double spend
InvalidHash: if the hash of the transaction is wrong
InvalidSignature: if the signature of the transaction is wrong
"""
# If the operation is CREATE the transaction should have no inputs and
# should be signed by a federation node
if transaction['transaction']['operation'] == 'CREATE':
# TODO: for now lets assume a CREATE transaction only has one fulfillment
if transaction['transaction']['fulfillments'][0]['input']:
raise ValueError('A CREATE operation has no inputs')
# TODO: for now lets assume a CREATE transaction only has one current_owner
if transaction['transaction']['fulfillments'][0]['current_owners'][0] not in (
bigchain.federation_nodes + [bigchain.me]):
raise exceptions.OperationError(
'Only federation nodes can use the operation `CREATE`')
else:
# check if the input exists, is owned by the current_owner
if not transaction['transaction']['fulfillments']:
raise ValueError('Transaction contains no fulfillments')
# check inputs
for fulfillment in transaction['transaction']['fulfillments']:
if not fulfillment['input']:
raise ValueError('Only `CREATE` transactions can have null inputs')
tx_input = bigchain.get_transaction(fulfillment['input']['txid'])
if not tx_input:
raise exceptions.TransactionDoesNotExist(
'input `{}` does not exist in the bigchain'.format(
fulfillment['input']['txid']))
# TODO: check if current owners own tx_input (maybe checked by InvalidSignature)
# check if the input was already spent by a transaction other than
# this one.
spent = bigchain.get_spent(fulfillment['input'])
if spent and spent['id'] != transaction['id']:
raise exceptions.DoubleSpend(
'input `{}` was already spent'.format(fulfillment['input']))
# Check hash of the transaction
calculated_hash = util.get_hash_data(transaction)
if calculated_hash != transaction['id']:
raise exceptions.InvalidHash()
# Check fulfillments
if not util.validate_fulfillments(transaction):
raise exceptions.InvalidSignature()
return transaction
@staticmethod
def validate_block(bigchain, block):
"""Validate a block.
Args:
bigchain (Bigchain): an instantiated bigchaindb.Bigchain object.
block (dict): block to validate.
Returns:
The block if the block is valid else it raises an exception
describing the reason why the block is invalid.
Raises:
InvalidHash: if the hash of the block is wrong.
"""
# Check if current hash is correct
calculated_hash = crypto.hash_data(util.serialize(block['block']))
if calculated_hash != block['id']:
raise exceptions.InvalidHash()
# Check if the block was created by a federation node
if block['block']['node_pubkey'] not in (bigchain.federation_nodes + [bigchain.me]):
raise exceptions.OperationError('Only federation nodes can create blocks')
# Check if block signature is valid
verifying_key = crypto.VerifyingKey(block['block']['node_pubkey'])
if not verifying_key.verify(util.serialize(block['block']), block['signature']):
raise exceptions.InvalidSignature('Invalid block signature')
return block
@staticmethod
def create_transaction(current_owner, new_owner, tx_input, operation,
payload=None):
"""Create a new transaction
Refer to the documentation of ``bigchaindb.util.create_tx``
"""
return util.create_tx(current_owner, new_owner, tx_input, operation,
payload)
@staticmethod
def sign_transaction(transaction, private_key):
"""Sign a transaction
Refer to the documentation of ``bigchaindb.util.sign_tx``
"""
return util.sign_tx(transaction, private_key)
@staticmethod
def validate_fulfillments(signed_transaction):
"""Validate the fulfillments of a transaction.
Refer to the documentation of ``bigchaindb.util.validate_fulfillments``
"""
return util.validate_fulfillments(signed_transaction)