diff --git a/server/etcdserver/bootstrap.go b/server/etcdserver/bootstrap.go
index 9d905e61f..9bb3e8155 100644
--- a/server/etcdserver/bootstrap.go
+++ b/server/etcdserver/bootstrap.go
@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ func bootstrap(cfg config.ServerConfig) (b *bootstrappedServer, err error) {
 	if terr := fileutil.TouchDirAll(cfg.MemberDir()); terr != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot access member directory: %v", terr)
 	}
-
 	haveWAL := wal.Exist(cfg.WALDir())
 	s, err := bootstrapStorage(cfg, haveWAL, ss, prt)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -84,17 +83,23 @@ func bootstrap(cfg config.ServerConfig) (b *bootstrappedServer, err error) {
 		s.backend.be.Close()
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	raft := bootstrapRaft(cfg, haveWAL, cluster.cl, cluster.wal)
+	if !haveWAL {
+		cluster.cl.SetID(cluster.nodeID, cluster.cl.ID())
+	}
 	return &bootstrappedServer{
 		prt:     prt,
 		ss:      ss,
 		storage: s,
 		cluster: cluster,
+		raft:    raft,
 	}, nil
 }
 
 type bootstrappedServer struct {
 	storage *bootstrappedStorage
 	cluster *bootstrapedCluster
+	raft    *bootstrappedRaft
 	prt     http.RoundTripper
 	ss      *snap.Snapshotter
 }
@@ -113,7 +118,6 @@ type bootstrappedBackend struct {
 }
 
 type bootstrapedCluster struct {
-	raft    *bootstrappedRaft
 	remotes []*membership.Member
 	wal     *bootstrappedWAL
 	cl      *membership.RaftCluster
@@ -232,14 +236,13 @@ func maybeDefragBackend(cfg config.ServerConfig, be backend.Backend) error {
 func bootstrapCluster(cfg config.ServerConfig, haveWAL bool, storage *bootstrappedStorage, prt http.RoundTripper, ss *snap.Snapshotter) (c *bootstrapedCluster, err error) {
 	c = &bootstrapedCluster{}
 	var (
-		meta *snapshotMetadata
 		bwal *bootstrappedWAL
 	)
 	if haveWAL {
 		if err = fileutil.IsDirWriteable(cfg.WALDir()); err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot write to WAL directory: %v", err)
 		}
-		bwal, meta = bootstrapWALFromSnapshot(cfg, storage.backend.snapshot)
+		bwal = bootstrapWALFromSnapshot(cfg, storage.backend.snapshot)
 	}
 
 	switch {
@@ -256,7 +259,7 @@ func bootstrapCluster(cfg config.ServerConfig, haveWAL bool, storage *bootstrapp
 		}
 		c.wal = bootstrapNewWAL(cfg, c.cl, c.nodeID)
 	case haveWAL:
-		c, err = bootstrapClusterWithWAL(cfg, storage, meta)
+		c, err = bootstrapClusterWithWAL(cfg, storage, bwal.meta)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -264,18 +267,6 @@ func bootstrapCluster(cfg config.ServerConfig, haveWAL bool, storage *bootstrapp
 	default:
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported bootstrap config")
 	}
-	switch {
-	case !haveWAL && !cfg.NewCluster:
-		c.raft = bootstrapRaftFromCluster(cfg, c.cl, nil, c.wal)
-		c.cl.SetID(c.nodeID, c.cl.ID())
-	case !haveWAL && cfg.NewCluster:
-		c.raft = bootstrapRaftFromCluster(cfg, c.cl, c.cl.MemberIDs(), c.wal)
-		c.cl.SetID(c.nodeID, c.cl.ID())
-	case haveWAL:
-		c.raft = bootstrapRaftFromSnapshot(cfg, c.wal, meta)
-	default:
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported bootstrap config")
-	}
 	return c, nil
 }
 
@@ -437,6 +428,20 @@ func recoverSnapshot(cfg config.ServerConfig, st v2store.Store, be backend.Backe
 	return snapshot, be, nil
 }
 
+func bootstrapRaft(cfg config.ServerConfig, haveWAL bool, cl *membership.RaftCluster, bwal *bootstrappedWAL) *bootstrappedRaft {
+		switch {
+	case !haveWAL && !cfg.NewCluster:
+		return bootstrapRaftFromCluster(cfg, cl, nil, bwal)
+	case !haveWAL && cfg.NewCluster:
+		return bootstrapRaftFromCluster(cfg, cl, cl.MemberIDs(), bwal)
+	case haveWAL:
+		return bootstrapRaftFromWAL(cfg, bwal)
+	default:
+		cfg.Logger.Panic("unsupported bootstrap config")
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
 func bootstrapRaftFromCluster(cfg config.ServerConfig, cl *membership.RaftCluster, ids []types.ID, bwal *bootstrappedWAL) *bootstrappedRaft {
 	member := cl.MemberByName(cfg.Name)
 	peers := make([]raft.Peer, len(ids))
@@ -463,12 +468,12 @@ func bootstrapRaftFromCluster(cfg config.ServerConfig, cl *membership.RaftCluste
 	}
 }
 
-func bootstrapRaftFromSnapshot(cfg config.ServerConfig, bwal *bootstrappedWAL, meta *snapshotMetadata) *bootstrappedRaft {
+func bootstrapRaftFromWAL(cfg config.ServerConfig, bwal *bootstrappedWAL) *bootstrappedRaft {
 	s := bwal.MemoryStorage()
 	return &bootstrappedRaft{
 		lg:        cfg.Logger,
 		heartbeat: time.Duration(cfg.TickMs) * time.Millisecond,
-		config:    raftConfig(cfg, uint64(meta.nodeID), s),
+		config:    raftConfig(cfg, uint64(bwal.meta.nodeID), s),
 		storage:   s,
 	}
 }
@@ -509,7 +514,7 @@ func (b *bootstrappedRaft) newRaftNode(ss *snap.Snapshotter, wal *wal.WAL, cl *m
 	)
 }
 
-func bootstrapWALFromSnapshot(cfg config.ServerConfig, snapshot *raftpb.Snapshot) (*bootstrappedWAL, *snapshotMetadata) {
+func bootstrapWALFromSnapshot(cfg config.ServerConfig, snapshot *raftpb.Snapshot) *bootstrappedWAL {
 	wal, st, ents, snap, meta := openWALFromSnapshot(cfg, snapshot)
 	bwal := &bootstrappedWAL{
 		lg:       cfg.Logger,
@@ -517,12 +522,13 @@ func bootstrapWALFromSnapshot(cfg config.ServerConfig, snapshot *raftpb.Snapshot
 		st:       st,
 		ents:     ents,
 		snapshot: snap,
+		meta:     meta,
 	}
 
 	if cfg.ForceNewCluster {
 		// discard the previously uncommitted entries
 		bwal.ents = bwal.CommitedEntries()
-		entries := bwal.ConfigChangeEntries(meta)
+		entries := bwal.ConfigChangeEntries()
 		// force commit config change entries
 		bwal.AppendAndCommitEntries(entries)
 		cfg.Logger.Info(
@@ -539,7 +545,7 @@ func bootstrapWALFromSnapshot(cfg config.ServerConfig, snapshot *raftpb.Snapshot
 			zap.Uint64("commit-index", bwal.st.Commit),
 		)
 	}
-	return bwal, meta
+	return bwal
 }
 
 // openWALFromSnapshot reads the WAL at the given snap and returns the wal, its latest HardState and cluster ID, and all entries that appear
@@ -614,6 +620,7 @@ type bootstrappedWAL struct {
 	st       *raftpb.HardState
 	ents     []raftpb.Entry
 	snapshot *raftpb.Snapshot
+	meta     *snapshotMetadata
 }
 
 func (wal *bootstrappedWAL) MemoryStorage() *raft.MemoryStorage {
@@ -645,11 +652,11 @@ func (wal *bootstrappedWAL) CommitedEntries() []raftpb.Entry {
 	return wal.ents
 }
 
-func (wal *bootstrappedWAL) ConfigChangeEntries(meta *snapshotMetadata) []raftpb.Entry {
+func (wal *bootstrappedWAL) ConfigChangeEntries() []raftpb.Entry {
 	return serverstorage.CreateConfigChangeEnts(
 		wal.lg,
 		serverstorage.GetIDs(wal.lg, wal.snapshot, wal.ents),
-		uint64(meta.nodeID),
+		uint64(wal.meta.nodeID),
 		wal.st.Term,
 		wal.st.Commit,
 	)
diff --git a/server/etcdserver/server.go b/server/etcdserver/server.go
index 421f7d059..8d55295e1 100644
--- a/server/etcdserver/server.go
+++ b/server/etcdserver/server.go
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ func NewServer(cfg config.ServerConfig) (srv *EtcdServer, err error) {
 		errorc:                make(chan error, 1),
 		v2store:               b.storage.st,
 		snapshotter:           b.ss,
-		r:                     *b.cluster.raft.newRaftNode(b.ss, b.cluster.wal.w, b.cluster.cl),
+		r:                     *b.raft.newRaftNode(b.ss, b.cluster.wal.w, b.cluster.cl),
 		id:                    b.cluster.nodeID,
 		attributes:            membership.Attributes{Name: cfg.Name, ClientURLs: cfg.ClientURLs.StringSlice()},
 		cluster:               b.cluster.cl,