<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-eqiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<title>Go by Example: Variadic Functions</title>
<link rel=stylesheet href="site.css">
</head>
<script type="text/javascript">
if (window.location.host == "gobyexample.com") {
var _gaq = _gaq || [];
_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-34996217-1']);
_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
(function() {
var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;
ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
})();
}
</script>
<body>
<div class="example" id="variadic-functions">
<h2><a href="./">Go by Example</a>: Variadic Functions</h2>
<table>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variadic_function"><em>Variadic functions</em></a>
can be called with any number of trailing arguments.
For example, <code>fmt.Println</code> is a common variadic
function.</p>
</td>
<td class="code empty leading">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<a href="http://play.golang.org/p/wRPLOM1VIH"><img title="Run code" src="play.png" class="run" /></a>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">package</span> <span class="nx">main</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="s">"fmt"</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>Here’s a function that will take an arbitrary number
of <code>ints</code> as arguments.</p>
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nx">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span> <span class="o">...</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">" "</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nx">total</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">num</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="k">range</span> <span class="nx">nums</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">total</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="nx">num</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nx">main</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>Variadic functions can be called in the usual way
with individual arguments.</p>
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nx">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>If you already have multiple args in a slice,
apply them to a variadic function using
<code>func(slice...)</code> like this.</p>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">nums</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nx">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">$</span> go run variadic-functions.go
<span class="go">[1 2] 3</span>
<span class="go">[1 2 3] 6</span>
<span class="go">[1 2 3 4] 10</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>Another key aspect of functions in Go is their ability
to form closures, which we’ll look at next.</p>
</td>
<td class="code empty">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class="next">
Next example: <a href="closures">Closures</a>.
</p>
<p class="footer">
by <a href="https://twitter.com/mmcgrana">@mmcgrana</a> | <a href="mailto:mmcgrana@gmail.com">feedback</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample/blob/master/examples/variadic-functions">source</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample#license">license</a>
</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>