// URLs provide a [uniform way to locate resources](http://adam.heroku.com/past/2010/3/30/urls_are_the_uniform_way_to_locate_resources/).
// Here's how to parse URLs in Go.

package main

import "fmt"
import "net/url"
import "strings"

func main() {

    // We'll parse this example URL, which includes a 
    // scheme, authentication info, host, port, path,
    // query params, and query fragment.
    s := "postgres://user:pass@host.com:5432/path?k=v#f"

    // Parse the URL and ensure there are no errors.
    u, err := url.Parse(s)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Accessing the scheme is straightforward.
    fmt.Println(u.Scheme)

    // `User` contains all authentication info; call
    // `Username` and `Password` on this for individual
    // values.
    fmt.Println(u.User)
    fmt.Println(u.User.Username())
    p, _ := u.User.Password()
    fmt.Println(p)

    // The `Host` contains both the hostname and the port,
    // if present. `Split` the `Host` manually to extract
    // the port.
    fmt.Println(u.Host)
    h := strings.Split(u.Host, ":")
    fmt.Println(h[0])
    fmt.Println(h[1])

    // Here we extract the `path` and the fragment after
    // the `#`.
    fmt.Println(u.Path)
    fmt.Println(u.Fragment)

    // To get query params in a string of `k=v` format,
    // use `RawQuery`. You can also parse query params
    // into a map. The parsed query param maps are from
    // strings to slices of strings, so index into `[0]`
    // if you only want the first value.
    fmt.Println(u.RawQuery)
    m, _ := url.ParseQuery(u.RawQuery)
    fmt.Println(m)
    fmt.Println(m["k"][0])
}