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<div class="example" id="switch">
<h2><a href="./">Go by Example</a>: Switch</h2>
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<p>Declarações <em>Switch</em> são geralmente utilizadas
para condicionais com muitas ramificações.</p>
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<a target="_blank" href="https://go.dev/play/p/Y5mGHTuumK0"><img title="Executar código em nova aba" src="play.png" class="run" /></a><img title="Copiar código" src="clipboard.png" class="copy" />
<pre class="chroma"><span class="kn">package</span> <span class="nx">main</span>
</pre>
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<pre class="chroma"><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="p">(</span>
<span class="s">&#34;fmt&#34;</span>
<span class="s">&#34;time&#34;</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
</pre>
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<pre class="chroma"><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</pre>
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<p>Aqui está um <code>switch</code> básico.</p>
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<pre class="chroma">
<span class="nx">i</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;Imprima &#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#34; como &#34;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">switch</span> <span class="nx">i</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">case</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;um&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">case</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;dois&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">case</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;três&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
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<p>Vírgulas podem ser utilizadas para separar múltiplas
expressões na mesma declaração <code>case</code>. A utilização
de <code>default</code> é opcional.</p>
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<pre class="chroma">
<span class="k">switch</span> <span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Now</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="nf">Weekday</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">case</span> <span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Saturday</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Sunday</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;É fim de semana&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">default</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;É dia de semana&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
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<p><code>switch</code> sem nenhuma expressão é um meio alternativo
para representar a lógica if/else. Aqui também é exibido como
as expressões <code>case</code> podem ser não constantes.</p>
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<pre class="chroma">
<span class="nx">t</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Now</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">switch</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">case</span> <span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Hour</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;É antes do meio-dia&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">default</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;É depois do meio-dia&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
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<p>Um <code>switch</code> de tipos compara tipos ao invés de valores.
É possível utilizá-lo para descobrir o valor de um tipo
interface. Neste exemplo, a variável <code>t</code> terá o tipo
correspondente à sua cláusula.</p>
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<pre class="chroma">
<span class="nx">whatAmI</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span> <span class="kd">interface</span><span class="p">{})</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">switch</span> <span class="nx">t</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kd">type</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">case</span> <span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;Sou um booleano&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">case</span> <span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;Sou um inteiro&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">default</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;Não sei o meu tipo %T\n&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nf">whatAmI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nf">whatAmI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nf">whatAmI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;hey&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
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<pre class="chroma"><span class="gp">$</span> go run switch.go
<span class="go">Imprima 2 como dois
</span><span class="go">É fim de semana
</span><span class="go">É depois do meio-dia
</span><span class="go">Sou um booleano
</span><span class="go">Sou um inteiro
</span><span class="go">Não sei o meu tipo string</span></pre>
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<p class="next">
Próximo exemplo: <a href="arrays">Arrays</a>.
</p>
<p class="footer">
Por <a href="https://markmcgranaghan.com">Mark McGranaghan</a> e <a href="https://eli.thegreenplace.net">Eli Bendersky</a> | traduzido por <a href="https://github.com/lucassauro">Lucassauro</a> | <a href="https://github.com/lucassauro/gobyexample">contribua</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample#license">licença</a>
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