169 lines
5.7 KiB
Plaintext
169 lines
5.7 KiB
Plaintext
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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<meta http-eqiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
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<title>Go by Example: Command-Line Arguments</title>
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<div class="example" id="command-line-arguments">
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<h2><a href="./">Go by Example</a>: Command-Line Arguments</h2>
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<table>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command-line_interface#Arguments"><em>Command-line arguments</em></a>
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are a common way to parameterize execution of programs.
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For example, <code>go run hello.go</code> uses <code>run</code> and
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<code>hello.go</code> arguments to the <code>go</code> program.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code empty leading">
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<a href="http://play.golang.org/p/44uyYt_TRl"><img title="Run code" src="play.png" class="run" /></a>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">package</span> <span class="nx">main</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="s">"os"</span>
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<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="s">"fmt"</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nx">main</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p><code>os.Args</code> provides access to raw command-line
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arguments. Note that the first value in this slice
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is the path to the program, and <code>os.Args[1:]</code>
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holds the arguments to the program.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">argsWithProg</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">os</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Args</span>
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<span class="nx">argsWithoutProg</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">os</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Args</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:]</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>You can get individual args with normal indexing.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">arg</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">os</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Args</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">argsWithProg</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">argsWithoutProg</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">arg</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<table>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>To experiment with command-line arguments it’s best to
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build a binary with <code>go build</code> first.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">$</span> go build <span class="nb">command</span>-line-arguments.go
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<span class="gp">$</span> ./command-line-arguments a b c d
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<span class="go">[./command-line-arguments a b c d] </span>
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<span class="go">[a b c d]</span>
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<span class="go">c</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>Next we’ll look at more advanced command-line processing
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with flags.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code empty">
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p class="next">
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Next example: <a href="command-line-flags">Command-Line Flags</a>.
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</p>
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<p class="footer">
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by <a href="https://twitter.com/mmcgrana">@mmcgrana</a> | <a href="mailto:mmcgrana@gmail.com">feedback</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample/blob/master/examples/command-line-arguments">source</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample#license">license</a>
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</p>
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</div>
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