2021-02-15 10:28:20 +00:00

285 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
Generated

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Go by Example: Recover</title>
<link rel=stylesheet href="site.css">
</head>
<script>
onkeydown = (e) => {
if (e.key == "ArrowLeft") {
window.location.href = 'defer';
}
if (e.key == "ArrowRight") {
window.location.href = 'collection-functions';
}
}
</script>
<body>
<div class="example" id="recover">
<h2><a href="./">Go by Example</a>: Recover</h2>
<table>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>A <code>recover</code> means recovering from a <code>panic</code>, either from a &ldquo;business&rdquo; or &ldquo;built-in&rdquo; panic.\n
We want to recover if we want to handle a panic, stopping it from propagating upwards.</p>
</td>
<td class="code empty leading">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<a href="http://play.golang.org/p/uVo4c0IE97q"><img title="Run code" src="play.png" class="run" /></a><img title="Copy code" src="clipboard.png" class="copy" />
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">package</span> <span class="nx">main</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="p">(</span>
<span class="s">&quot;fmt&quot;</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nx">main</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">recoverFromBuiltInPanic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">recoverFromCustomPanic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>defer is defined.</p>
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nx">recoverFromBuiltInPanic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span> <span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="k">defer</span> <span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nx">r</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nb">recover</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="nx">r</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Recovered. Error:\n&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}()</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">a</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">int</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Getting index %d&quot;</span><span class="o">+</span>
<span class="s">&quot; of array of len %d...\n&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Item in index %d: %d&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>defer is defined.</p>
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nx">recoverFromCustomPanic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span> <span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="k">defer</span> <span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nx">r</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nb">recover</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="nx">r</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Recovered. Error:\n&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}()</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;About to process i=%d\n&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nx">i</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nb">panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Errorf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Accepting only&quot;</span><span class="o">+</span>
<span class="s">&quot; non-negative numbers but received %d&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Doing something with %d\n&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>Running this program will exit correctly,
even though panic was invoked in two methods.
The recover is responsible for recovering from panics.</p>
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">$</span> go run recover.go
<span class="go">Getting index 10 of array of len 5...</span>
<span class="go">Recovered. Error:</span>
<span class="go"> runtime error: index out of range [10] with length 5</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>Note that, in Go it is idiomatic
to use error-indicating return values wherever possible.</p>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="go">About to process i=-1</span>
<span class="go">Recovered. Error:</span>
<span class="go"> Accepting only non-negative numbers but received -1</span>
</pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class="next">
Next example: <a href="collection-functions">Collection Functions</a>.
</p>
<p class="footer">
by <a href="https://markmcgranaghan.com">Mark McGranaghan</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample/blob/master/examples/recover">source</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample#license">license</a>
</p>
</div>
<script>
var codeLines = [];
codeLines.push('');codeLines.push('package main\u000A');codeLines.push('import (\u000A \"fmt\"\u000A)\u000A');codeLines.push('func main() {\u000A');codeLines.push(' recoverFromBuiltInPanic(10)\u000A');codeLines.push(' fmt.Println()\u000A');codeLines.push(' recoverFromCustomPanic(-1)\u000A}\u000A');codeLines.push('func recoverFromBuiltInPanic(i int) {\u000A');codeLines.push(' defer func() {\u000A if r :\u003D recover(); r !\u003D nil {\u000A fmt.Println(\"Recovered. Error:\\n\", r)\u000A }\u000A }()\u000A');codeLines.push(' var a [5]int\u000A fmt.Printf(\"Getting index %d\"+\u000A \" of array of len %d...\\n\", i, len(a))\u000A fmt.Printf(\"Item in index %d: %d\", i, a[i])\u000A}\u000A');codeLines.push('func recoverFromCustomPanic(i int) {\u000A');codeLines.push(' defer func() {\u000A if r :\u003D recover(); r !\u003D nil {\u000A fmt.Println(\"Recovered. Error:\\n\", r)\u000A }\u000A }()\u000A');codeLines.push(' fmt.Printf(\"About to process i\u003D%d\\n\", i)\u000A');codeLines.push(' if i \u003C 0 {\u000A panic(fmt.Errorf(\"Accepting only\"+\u000A \" non-negative numbers but received %d\", i))\u000A }\u000A');codeLines.push(' fmt.Printf(\"Doing something with %d\\n\", i)\u000A}\u000A');codeLines.push('');codeLines.push('');
</script>
<script src="site.js" async></script>
</body>
</html>