191 lines
6.7 KiB
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191 lines
6.7 KiB
Plaintext
Generated
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<title>Go в примерах: Константы (Constants)</title>
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<link rel=stylesheet href="site.css">
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<script>
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onkeydown = (e) => {
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if (e.key == "ArrowLeft") {
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window.location.href = 'variables';
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window.location.href = 'for';
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<body>
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<div class="example" id="constants">
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<h2><a href="./">Go в примерах</a>: Константы (Constants)</h2>
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<table>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>В Go <em>константы</em> могут принимать значения следующих типов:
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строки, числа и логические значения</p>
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<td class="code empty leading">
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<td class="docs">
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<td class="code leading">
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<a href="http://play.golang.org/p/e1Vlh7LNMFJ" target="_blank"><img title="Run code" src="play.png" class="run" /></a><img title="Copy code" src="clipboard.png" class="copy" />
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">package</span> <span class="nx">main</span>
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</pre></div>
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<td class="docs">
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="p">(</span>
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<span class="s">"fmt"</span>
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<span class="s">"math"</span>
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<span class="p">)</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>Для объявления константы используется ключевое слово <code>const</code>.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kd">const</span> <span class="nx">s</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s">"constant"</span>
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</pre></div>
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<td class="docs">
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nx">main</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">)</span>
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</pre></div>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>Оператор <code>const</code> может использоваться везде, где может
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быть использован оператор <code>var</code>.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="kd">const</span> <span class="nx">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">500000000</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>Постоянные выражения выполняют арифметику с
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произвольной точностью.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="kd">const</span> <span class="nx">d</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mf">3e20</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="nx">n</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="p">)</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>Числовая константа не имеет типа до тех пор,
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пока ей не присвоен, например, при явном преобразовании.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">int64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="p">))</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>Число может использоваться в контексте, который требует
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его, например, присваивание переменной или вызов
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функции. Например, здесь <code>math.Sin</code> ожидает
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<code>float64</code>.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Sin</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">))</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</table>
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<table>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">$</span> go run constant.go
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<span class="go">constant</span>
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<span class="go">6e+11</span>
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<span class="go">600000000000</span>
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<span class="go">-0.28470407323754404</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p class="next">
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Следующий пример: <a href="for">Цикл For</a>.
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</p>
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<p class="footer">
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by <a href="https://markmcgranaghan.com">Mark McGranaghan</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample/blob/master/examples/constants">source</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample#license">license</a>
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</p>
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</div>
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<script>
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var codeLines = [];
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codeLines.push('');codeLines.push('package main\u000A');codeLines.push('import (\u000A \"fmt\"\u000A \"math\"\u000A)\u000A');codeLines.push('const s string = \"constant\"\u000A');codeLines.push('func main() {\u000A fmt.Println(s)\u000A');codeLines.push(' const n = 500000000\u000A');codeLines.push(' const d = 3e20 / n\u000A fmt.Println(d)\u000A');codeLines.push(' fmt.Println(int64(d))\u000A');codeLines.push(' fmt.Println(math.Sin(n))\u000A}\u000A');codeLines.push('');
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</script>
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