194 lines
7.5 KiB
Plaintext
Generated
194 lines
7.5 KiB
Plaintext
Generated
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<title>Go by Example: Signals</title>
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<link rel=stylesheet href="site.css">
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</head>
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<script>
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window.location.href = 'execing-processes';
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window.location.href = 'exit';
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<body>
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<div class="example" id="signals">
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<h2><a href="./">Go by Example</a>: Signals</h2>
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<table>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>Sometimes we’d like our Go programs to intelligently
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handle <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_signal">Unix signals</a>.
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For example, we might want a server to gracefully
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shutdown when it receives a <code>SIGTERM</code>, or a command-line
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tool to stop processing input if it receives a <code>SIGINT</code>.
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Here’s how to handle signals in Go with channels.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code empty leading">
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<a href="http://play.golang.org/p/YRV64KEXJW1"><img title="Run code" src="play.png" class="run" /></a><img title="Copy code" src="clipboard.png" class="copy" />
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<pre class="chroma"><span class="kn">package</span> <span class="nx">main</span>
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</pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<pre class="chroma"><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="p">(</span>
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<span class="s">"fmt"</span>
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<span class="s">"os"</span>
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<span class="s">"os/signal"</span>
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<span class="s">"syscall"</span>
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<span class="p">)</span>
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</pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<pre class="chroma"><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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</pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>Go signal notification works by sending <code>os.Signal</code>
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values on a channel. We’ll create a channel to
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receive these notifications (we’ll also make one to
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notify us when the program can exit).</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<pre class="chroma">
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<span class="nx">sigs</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">chan</span> <span class="nx">os</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Signal</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="nx">done</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">chan</span> <span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
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</pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p><code>signal.Notify</code> registers the given channel to
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receive notifications of the specified signals.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<pre class="chroma">
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<span class="nx">signal</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Notify</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">sigs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">syscall</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">SIGINT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">syscall</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">SIGTERM</span><span class="p">)</span>
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</pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>This goroutine executes a blocking receive for
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signals. When it gets one it’ll print it out
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and then notify the program that it can finish.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<pre class="chroma">
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<span class="k">go</span> <span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nx">sig</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="o"><-</span><span class="nx">sigs</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">sig</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="nx">done</span> <span class="o"><-</span> <span class="kc">true</span>
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<span class="p">}()</span>
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</pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>The program will wait here until it gets the
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expected signal (as indicated by the goroutine
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above sending a value on <code>done</code>) and then exit.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre class="chroma">
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"awaiting signal"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="o"><-</span><span class="nx">done</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"exiting"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<table>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>When we run this program it will block waiting for a
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signal. By typing <code>ctrl-C</code> (which the
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terminal shows as <code>^C</code>) we can send a <code>SIGINT</code> signal,
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causing the program to print <code>interrupt</code> and then exit.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre class="chroma">
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<span class="gp">$</span> go run signals.go
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<span class="go">awaiting signal
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</span><span class="go">^C
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</span><span class="go">interrupt
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</span><span class="go">exiting</span></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p class="next">
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Next example: <a href="exit">Exit</a>.
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</p>
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<p class="footer">
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by <a href="https://markmcgranaghan.com">Mark McGranaghan</a> and <a href="https://eli.thegreenplace.net">Eli Bendersky</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample">source</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample#license">license</a>
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</p>
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</div>
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<script>
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var codeLines = [];
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codeLines.push('');codeLines.push('package main\u000A');codeLines.push('import (\u000A \"fmt\"\u000A \"os\"\u000A \"os/signal\"\u000A \"syscall\"\u000A)\u000A');codeLines.push('func main() {\u000A');codeLines.push(' sigs :\u003D make(chan os.Signal, 1)\u000A done :\u003D make(chan bool, 1)\u000A');codeLines.push(' signal.Notify(sigs, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)\u000A');codeLines.push(' go func() {\u000A sig :\u003D \u003C-sigs\u000A fmt.Println()\u000A fmt.Println(sig)\u000A done \u003C- true\u000A }()\u000A');codeLines.push(' fmt.Println(\"awaiting signal\")\u000A \u003C-done\u000A fmt.Println(\"exiting\")\u000A}\u000A');codeLines.push('');
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</script>
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