baf22e84e7
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175 lines
7.1 KiB
Plaintext
175 lines
7.1 KiB
Plaintext
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<title>Go by Example: If/Else</title>
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<link rel=stylesheet href="site.css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="example" id="if-else">
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<h2><a href="./">Go by Example</a>: If/Else</h2>
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<table>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>Branching with <code>if</code> and <code>else</code> in Go is
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straight-forward.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code empty leading">
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<a href="http://play.golang.org/p/p6-WKTqEks4">
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<img title="Run code" class="run" src="data:image/png;base64,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" />
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</a>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">package</span> <span class="nx">main</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="s">"fmt"</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nx">main</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>Here’s a basic example.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="mi">7</span><span class="o">%</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"7 is even"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"7 is odd"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>You can have an <code>if</code> statement without an else.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="o">%</span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"8 is divisible by 4"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>A statement can precede conditionals; any variables
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declared in this statement are available in all
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branches.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nx">num</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nx">num</span> <span class="p"><</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"is negative"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nx">num</span> <span class="p"><</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"has 1 digit"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"has multiple digits"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>Note that you don’t need parentheses around conditions
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in Go, but that the braces are required.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code empty">
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<table>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">$</span> go run <span class="k">if</span>-else.go
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<span class="go">7 is odd</span>
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<span class="go">8 is divisible by 4</span>
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<span class="go">9 has 1 digit</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>There is no <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%3F:">ternary if</a>
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in Go, so you’ll need to use a full <code>if</code> statement even
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for basic conditions.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code empty">
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p class="next">
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Next example: <a href="switch">Switch</a>.
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</p>
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<p class="footer">
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by <a href="https://markmcgranaghan.com">Mark McGranaghan</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample/blob/master/examples/if-else">source</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample#license">license</a>
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</p>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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