
After go1.16, go will use module mode by default, even when the repository is checked out under GOPATH or in a one-off directory. Add go.mod, go.sum to keep this repo buildable without opting out of the module mode. > go mod init github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample > go mod tidy > go mod vendor In module mode, the 'vendor' directory is special and its contents will be actively maintained by the go command. pygments aren't the dependency the go will know about, so it will delete the contents from vendor directory. Move it to `third_party` directory now. And, vendor the blackfriday package. Note: the tutorial contents are not affected by the change in go1.16 because all the examples in this tutorial ask users to run the go command with the explicit list of files to be compiled (e.g. `go run hello-world.go` or `go build command-line-arguments.go`). When the source list is provided, the go command does not have to compute the build list and whether it's running in GOPATH mode or module mode becomes irrelevant.
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211 lines
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<title>Go by Example: Switch</title>
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<link rel=stylesheet href="site.css">
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</head>
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<script>
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onkeydown = (e) => {
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if (e.key == "ArrowLeft") {
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window.location.href = 'if-else';
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}
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if (e.key == "ArrowRight") {
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window.location.href = 'arrays';
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}
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}
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</script>
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<body>
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<div class="example" id="switch">
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<h2><a href="./">Go by Example</a>: Switch</h2>
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<table>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p><em>Switch statements</em> express conditionals across many
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branches.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code empty leading">
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</td>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<a href="http://play.golang.org/p/qVDqWoUQ6AI"><img title="Run code" src="play.png" class="run" /></a><img title="Copy code" src="clipboard.png" class="copy" />
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">package</span> <span class="nx">main</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="p">(</span>
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<span class="s">"fmt"</span>
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<span class="s">"time"</span>
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<span class="p">)</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nx">main</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>Here’s a basic <code>switch</code>.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">i</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Write "</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">" as "</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="k">switch</span> <span class="nx">i</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="k">case</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"one"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="k">case</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"two"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="k">case</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"three"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>You can use commas to separate multiple expressions
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in the same <code>case</code> statement. We use the optional
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<code>default</code> case in this example as well.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="k">switch</span> <span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Now</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="nx">Weekday</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="k">case</span> <span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Saturday</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Sunday</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"It's the weekend"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="k">default</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"It's a weekday"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p><code>switch</code> without an expression is an alternate way
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to express if/else logic. Here we also show how the
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<code>case</code> expressions can be non-constants.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code leading">
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<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">t</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Now</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<span class="k">switch</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="k">case</span> <span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Hour</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p"><</span> <span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"It's before noon"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="k">default</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"It's after noon"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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<p>A type <code>switch</code> compares types instead of values. You
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can use this to discover the type of an interface
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value. In this example, the variable <code>t</code> will have the
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type corresponding to its clause.</p>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<div class="highlight"><pre> <span class="nx">whatAmI</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span> <span class="kd">interface</span><span class="p">{})</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="k">switch</span> <span class="nx">t</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kd">type</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="k">case</span> <span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"I'm a bool"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="k">case</span> <span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"I'm an int"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="k">default</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Don't know type %T\n"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="nx">whatAmI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="nx">whatAmI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="nx">whatAmI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"hey"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<table>
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<tr>
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<td class="docs">
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">$</span> go run switch.go
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<span class="go">Write 2 as two</span>
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<span class="go">It's a weekday</span>
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<span class="go">It's after noon</span>
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<span class="go">I'm a bool</span>
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<span class="go">I'm an int</span>
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<span class="go">Don't know type string</span>
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</pre></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p class="next">
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Next example: <a href="arrays">Arrays</a>.
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</p>
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<p class="footer">
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by <a href="https://markmcgranaghan.com">Mark McGranaghan</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample/blob/master/examples/switch">source</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample#license">license</a>
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</p>
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</div>
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<script>
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var codeLines = [];
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codeLines.push('');codeLines.push('package main\u000A');codeLines.push('import (\u000A \"fmt\"\u000A \"time\"\u000A)\u000A');codeLines.push('func main() {\u000A');codeLines.push(' i :\u003D 2\u000A fmt.Print(\"Write \", i, \" as \")\u000A switch i {\u000A case 1:\u000A fmt.Println(\"one\")\u000A case 2:\u000A fmt.Println(\"two\")\u000A case 3:\u000A fmt.Println(\"three\")\u000A }\u000A');codeLines.push(' switch time.Now().Weekday() {\u000A case time.Saturday, time.Sunday:\u000A fmt.Println(\"It\'s the weekend\")\u000A default:\u000A fmt.Println(\"It\'s a weekday\")\u000A }\u000A');codeLines.push(' t :\u003D time.Now()\u000A switch {\u000A case t.Hour() \u003C 12:\u000A fmt.Println(\"It\'s before noon\")\u000A default:\u000A fmt.Println(\"It\'s after noon\")\u000A }\u000A');codeLines.push(' whatAmI :\u003D func(i interface{}) {\u000A switch t :\u003D i.(type) {\u000A case bool:\u000A fmt.Println(\"I\'m a bool\")\u000A case int:\u000A fmt.Println(\"I\'m an int\")\u000A default:\u000A fmt.Printf(\"Don\'t know type %T\\n\", t)\u000A }\u000A }\u000A whatAmI(true)\u000A whatAmI(1)\u000A whatAmI(\"hey\")\u000A}\u000A');codeLines.push('');
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</script>
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<script src="site.js" async></script>
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</body>
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